太阳能光热-光电中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统理论与实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190315

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (9): 3517-3526.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190315

太阳能光热-光电中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统理论与实验研究

白炳林¹(),杨晓宏^1,²(),田瑞^1,³,史盼敬¹,李达¹

1. 内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
2. 风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
3. 内蒙古可再生能源重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051

收稿日期:2019-04-01 修回日期:2019-06-21 出版日期:2019-09-05 发布日期:2019-09-05
通讯作者: 杨晓宏
作者简介:白炳林（1995—），男，硕士研究生，765710705@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51866011);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2017MS(LH)0504,505)

Theoretical and experimental research on solar thermal-photovoltaic hollow fiber vacuum membrane distillation system

Binglin BAI¹(),Xiaohong YANG^1,²(),Rui TIAN^1,³,Panjing SHI¹,Da LI¹

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
2. Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2019-04-01 Revised:2019-06-21 Online:2019-09-05 Published:2019-09-05
Contact: Xiaohong YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自主设计并搭建了太阳能光热-光电中空纤维膜蒸馏系统，太阳能光热采用面积1.82 m²真空管集热系统，光伏发电采用面积1.63 m²多晶硅电池板。实验方面，研究了不同工况下，热料液在不同流动方式时膜通量的差异；研究了在不同跟踪方式下太阳辐照度对系统性能的影响。结果表明：料液在管程流动的膜通量大于壳程的膜通量,且进口料液温度取50~70℃之间为宜；自动跟踪下膜组件入口温度比非跟踪高2~3℃，可以延长膜蒸馏系统运行时间1~2 h，且在相同的自然环境下，自动跟踪方式最大膜通量8.89 kg/(m²·h)远高于非跟踪方式时4.26 kg/(m²·h)。理论方面，分析了以水为工质的中空纤维膜蒸馏的传热和传质过程，建立了传热传质理论计算数学模型；分析了辐照强度、膜表面温差、膜丝内表面传热系数、传热与传质通量的定量关系，计算了膜面温度与理论膜通量，对比了实验值与理论值。系统运行稳定，能量综合利用效率高，性能可靠，为工程应用奠定了理论和实验基础。

关键词: 太阳能, 光热-光电系统, 真空膜蒸馏, 传热, 传质

Abstract:

In this work, a solar thermal-photovoltaic hollow fiber membrane distillation system was designed. A 1.82 m² vacuum tube collector area was used in the solar photothermal system, and 1.63 m² polycrystalline silicon panel area was used in the solar photovoltaic system. Experimental aspects, the difference of membrane permeate flux in different flow modes of hot liquid under different working conditions was studied. The influence of solar irradiance on the system performance under different tracking systems was studied. The results show that the membrane permeate flux of the feed liquid flowing through the tube pass is greater than the membrane permeate flux of the shell pass, and the temperature of the inlet liquid of the vacuum membrane distillation is most suitably selected as 50—70℃. The temperature of the automatic tracking membrane module inlet is 2—3°C higher than that at the non-tracking mode. The automatic tracking can extend the running time of the membrane distillation system for 1—2 h than the non-automatic tracking system. At the same time, the maximum membrane permeate flux of the automatic tracking mode is 8.89 kg/(m²·h), which is higher than 4.26 kg/(m²·h) in the non-tracking mode in the same natural environment. Theoretical aspects, the heat and mass transfer process of hollow fiber membrane distillation with water as working fluid was analyzed. The heat transfer theoretical mathematical model of the heat transfer process was established. The quantitative relationship between irradiation intensity, temperature difference of membrane surface, heat transfer coefficient of inner surface of membrane, heat and mass transfer flux were analyzed. The membrane surface temperature and theoretical membrane permeate flux were calculated, and the experimental and theoretical values were compared. The system has stable operation, high energy utilization efficiency and reliable performance, which lays a theoretical and experimental foundation for engineering application.

Key words: solar energy, thermal-photovoltaic system, vacuum membrane distillation, heat transfer, mass transfer

中图分类号:

TK 124

白炳林, 杨晓宏, 田瑞, 史盼敬, 李达. 太阳能光热-光电中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统理论与实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(9): 3517-3526.

Binglin BAI, Xiaohong YANG, Rui TIAN, Panjing SHI, Da LI. Theoretical and experimental research on solar thermal-photovoltaic hollow fiber vacuum membrane distillation system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(9): 3517-3526.

图/表 20

图1 太阳能光热-光电中空纤维膜蒸馏系统

Fig.1 Solar thermal-photovoltaic hollow fiber membrane distillation system

表1 光伏板参数

Table 1 Parameters of PV panels

参数	数值
额定功率/W	235±3%
额定电压/V	30.0
额定电流/A	7.84
短路电压/V	36.8
短路电流/A	8.35
正常运行温度/℃	45

表2 全玻璃真空管集热器参数

Table 2 Parameters of all glass evacuated tube collectors

参数	数值
型号	B-J-F-2-100/1.82/0.6
采光面积/ m²	1.82
容量/ L	2.5
口径/ mm	47

图2 中空纤维膜组件

Fig.2 Hollow fiber membrane module

表3 中空纤维膜组件参数

Table 3 Parameters of hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane module

膜丝个数	孔径/μm	膜丝厚度/ mm	膜丝内经/ mm	膜丝长度/cm
100	0.15	0.15	0.8	24

图3 太阳能二维双轴跟踪平台监测系统

Fig.3 Monitoring system of two-dimensional two-axis tracking platform for solar energy

表4 温度测点名称

Table 4 Name of temperature measuring point

温度点	名称
1	集热器进口
2	集热器出口
3	保温水箱出口
4	保温水箱中层
5	保温水箱进口
6	膜组件进口
7	膜组件出口

图4 温度测点布置

Fig.4 Temperature measuring point layout

图5 膜通量随料液温度和流量变化对比

Fig.5 Comparison of membrane permeate flux changing with feed water temperature and flow rate

图6 膜通量随各参数变化关系(自动跟踪方式)

Fig.6 Membrane permeate flux changing with each parameter(automatic tracking mode)

图7 各测点随辐照度变化关系(自动跟踪方式)

Fig.7 Measured points changing with irradiance(automatic tracking mode)

图8 各测点随辐照度变化关系(非跟踪方式)

Fig.8 Measured points changing with irradiance(non-tracking mode)

图9 膜通量随各参数变化关系(非跟踪方法)

Fig.9 Membrane permeate flux changing with each parameter(non-tracking mode)

图10 原水和产水的电导率对比

Fig.10 Comparison of conductivity between raw water and produced water

图11 能量流动示意图

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of energy flow

表5 传热膜通量、传质膜通量与实验膜通量对比

Table 5 Comparison of heat transfer membrane permeate flux, mass membrane permeate flux and experimental membrane flux

时间	传热膜通量/ (kg/(m²·h))	传质膜通量/ (kg/(m²·h))	实验膜通量/ (kg/(m²·h))
13:45	10.56	9.58	7.96
14:55	8.86	8.75	8.89
16:00	8.81	9.63	8.23
17:10	6.87	6.94	8.03

图12 传质膜通量与冷热侧膜温差关系

Fig.12 Relationship between mass transfer membrane permeate flux and temperature difference between hot and cold side membrane

图13 传热膜通量与传热系数关系

Fig.13 Relationship between permeate flux and heat transfer coefficient of heat transfer membrane

图14 膜通量与辐照度关系

Fig.14 Relationship between membrane permeate flux and irradiance

图15 冷、热侧膜面温度与组件进口、冷凝水温度关系

Fig.15 Relationship between cold and hot side membrane surface temperature and component inlet, condensate temperature

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太阳能光热-光电中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统理论与实验研究

Theoretical and experimental research on solar thermal-photovoltaic hollow fiber vacuum membrane distillation system

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