方形微通道热沉的耗散优化分析

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200681

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于CFD软件建立了两种不同结构的方形微通道热沉，并对其进行数值计算，模拟得到热沉的温度场和压力场。在此基础上，研究了不同微通道分布方式、不同质量流率和不同热通量对热沉的温度、压降的影响，同时基于耗散理论对比分析来获得方形微通道热沉换热效果较好的优化方案，在固定边界热流条件下，耗散越小，换热效果越好。计算结果表明：随着质量流率的增大，热沉温度逐渐降低，进出口压差逐渐增大，PEC逐渐增大，耗散逐渐减小；随着热通量的增大，热沉温度逐渐升高，进出口压差逐渐降低，PEC逐渐增大，耗散逐渐减小。微通道分布方式为上层内切圆半径-下层外接圆半径分布时热沉的温度更低，PEC更大，耗散更小，传热效率更高。

关键词: 微通道, 热沉, CFD, 电子元件冷却, 耗散, 优化

Abstract:

Two kinds of square microchannel heat sinks with different structures were established based on CFD software, and numerical calculations were carried out to simulate the temperature field and pressure field of the heat sink. On this basis, the effects of different microchannel distribution patterns, different mass flow rates and different heat fluxes on the temperature and pressure drop of the heat sink are studied. At the same time, based on the comparison analysis of the entransy dissipation theory, a better optimization scheme of heat sink in square microchannel is obtained. A better optimization scheme, under the fixed boundary heat flow condition, the smaller the entransy dissipation, the better the heat exchange effect. The calculation results show that with the increase of mass flow rate, the heat sink temperature gradually decreases, the pressure drop increases gradually, the PEC gradually increases, and the entransy dissipation decreases; as the heat flux density increases, the heat sink temperature gradually increases, the pressure drop gradually decreases, the PEC gradually increases, and the entransy dissipation gradually decreases. The microchannel distribution pattern is the upper inscribed circle radius-lower layer circumcircle radius distribution, the temperature of the heat sink is lower, the PEC is larger, the entransy dissipation is smaller, and the heat transfer efficiency is higher.

Key words: microchannels, heat sink, CFD, electronic component cooling, entransy dissipation, optimization

中图分类号:

TK 124

吉亚萍, 云和明, 耿文广, 李萌, 于仓仓, 陈宝明. 方形微通道热沉的耗散优化分析[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(S2): 166-175.

Yaping JI, Heming YUN, Wenguang GENG, Meng LI, Cangcang YU, Baoming CHEN. Entransy dissipation theory optimization analysis of square microchannel heat sink[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S2): 166-175.

图/表 17

图1 方形微通道热沉几何模型

Fig.1 Square microchannel heat sink geometry model

图2 微通道分布

Fig.2 Microchannel distribution

表1 不同几何模型的分类

Table 1 Classification of different geometric models

序号	通道分布	方案编号	图号
1	上层内切圆半径-下层外接圆半径分布	case1	图2(a)
2	上层外接圆半径-下层内切圆半径分布	case2	图2(b)

图3 网格划分图

Fig.3 Grid distribution

图4 本文与文献[34]的最高温度Tmax对比

Fig.4 Comparison of maximum temperature Tmax between this paper and Ref. [34]

图5 不同质量流率下case1的温度分布

Fig.5 Temperature distribution of case1 at different mass flow rates

图6 不同质量流率下case2的温度分布

Fig.6 Temperature distribution of case2 at different mass flow rates

图7 不同质量流率下热沉的最高温度Tmax

Fig.7 Maximum temperature Tmax of heat sink at different mass flow rates

图8 不同质量流率下热沉的温度均匀度

Fig.8 Temperature uniformity of heat sink at different mass flow rates

图9 不同质量流率下case1的压力分布

Fig.9 Pressure distribution nephogram of case1 at different mass flow rates

图10 不同质量流率下case2的压力分布

Fig.10 Pressure distribution nephogram of case2 at different mass flow rates

图11 不同质量流率下热沉的PEC

Fig.11 PECof heat sink at different mass flow rates

图12 不同质量流率下热沉的总耗散

Fig.12 Total entransy dissipation of heat sink at different mass flow rates

图13 不同热通量下热沉的最高温度Tmax

Fig.13 Maximum temperature Tmax of heat sink under different heat fluxs

图14 不同热通量下热沉的温度均匀度

Fig. 14 Temperature uniformity of heat sink under different heat fluxs

图15 不同热通量下热沉的PEC

Fig.15 PECof heat sink under different heat fluxs

图16 不同热通量下热沉的总耗散

Fig. 16 Total entransy dissipation of heat sink under different heat fluxs

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