基于选择吸收纳米薄膜的太阳能温差发电特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230461

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高太阳能温差发电效率，设计了一种基于选择吸收纳米薄膜新型温差发电装置。研究了光照强度、光照角度对其性能的影响，并与基于商用太阳能涂料的温差发电器进行了对比研究。结果表明：与基于商用太阳能涂料的温差发电器相比，采用选择吸收纳米薄膜作为吸热层可有效提高系统的输出功率，温差发电片的冷热端温差可提高1~2℃，且在低光照强度条件下最高可提高42.6%的输出功率。

关键词: 太阳能, 温差发电, 纳米薄膜, 传热, 优化设计

Abstract:

In order to improve the efficiency of solar thermoelectric power generation, this paper designs a new thermoelectric power generation device based on selective absorption nanofilm. The effects of light intensity and light angle on its performance were studied, and a comparative study was conducted with a thermoelectric generator based on commercial solar paint. The results showed that compared to commercial solar coating-based thermoelectric generators, adopting selective absorption nanofilms as the heat-absorbing layer can effectively increase the output power of the system, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the temperature differential power generation sheet can be increased by 1—2℃, and the output power can be increased by up to 42.6% under low light intensity conditions.

Key words: solar energy, thermoelectric power generation, nanofilm, heat transfer, optimal design

中图分类号:

TK 124

齐聪, 丁子, 余杰, 汤茂清, 梁林. 基于选择吸收纳米薄膜的太阳能温差发电特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.

Cong QI, Zi DING, Jie YU, Maoqing TANG, Lin LIANG. Study on solar thermoelectric power generation characteristics based on selective absorption nanofilm[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.

图/表 14

图1 温差发电系统示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of thermoelectric system

图2 热电模块及冷却回路构造图

Fig.2 Structure diagram of thermoelectric module and cooling circuit

图3 温差发电装置基本参数

Fig.3 Basic parameters of thermoelectric power generation device

图4 热电模块示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of thermoelectric module

图5 温差发电片性能

Fig.5 Performance of thermoelectric generators

表1 TEG1-241性能参数

Table 1 Performance parameters of TEG1-241

实验次数	a/Ω	b/(V/℃)
平均值	7.48	0.06521
第一次	7.55	0.06545
第二次	7.62	0.06434
第三次	7.43	0.06647
第四次	7.51	0.06369
第五次	7.29	0.06611

表2 实验中物理变量的精度

Table 2 Accuracy of physical variables in experiments

实验变量	不确定度
T/℃	±0.1%
U/V	±0.2%
I /A	±5%

图6 温差发电器上表面温度随太阳光强度的变化规律

Fig.6 The variation of upper surface temperature of thermoelectric generator with sunlight intensity

图7 不同光照强度下温差发电器开路电压和冷热端温差分布

Fig.7 Open circuit voltage and temperature difference between cold and hot ends distribution of thermoelectric generator under different sunlight intensity

图8 不同光照强度下本文选择吸收涂层和商用太阳能涂层温差及功率的对比

Fig.8 Comparison of temperature difference and power between absorption coating of this paper and commercial solar coating under different sunlight intensity

图9 太阳光入射角度示意图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of the incidence angle of sunlight

图10 温差发电器上表面温度随太阳光角度的变化规律

Fig.10 The variation of upper surface temperature of thermoelectric generator with sunlight angles

图11 不同太阳光角度下温差发电器开路电压和冷热端温差分布

Fig.11 Open circuit voltage and temperature difference between cold and hot ends distribution of thermoelectric generator under different sunlight angles

图12 不同太阳光角度下本文选择吸收涂层和商用太阳能涂层温差及功率的对比

Fig.12 Comparison of temperature difference and power between absorption coating of this paper and commercial solar coating under different sunlight angles

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