基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的乙烯裂解炉操作优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191498

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现有的乙烯裂解炉优化通常只针对两个目标函数即产物乙烯和丙烯的收率，并且采用遗传算法的收敛效果一般，故提出一种基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法来研究一个多目标运行的解决方案，以此来解决乙烯裂解炉的固定周期操作优化问题，即在增大产物乙烯和丙烯收率的同时减少原料以及蒸汽流量来提高整体运行状况。把具体问题量化为数学模型，分析了原料气烃比、原料流量、出口温度对乙烯和丙烯收率的影响。实验结果表明，相较于原有操作条件，提出的优化方案具有良好的可行性。

关键词: 优化, 乙烯裂解炉, 遗传算法, 过程系统

Abstract:

The existing ethylene cracking furnace optimization usually only considers the two objective functions, namely the yield of ethylene and propylene; the convergence effect of genetic algorithm is not good enough. Therefore, an improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is proposed to study a multi-objective operating solution for the fixed cycle operation optimization problem of the ethylene cracking furnace, which is to increase the ethylene and propylene yield while reducing the raw material and steam flow to improve the overall operation. We quantified the specific problem into a mathematical model and analyzed the effects of feed gas-to-hydrocarbon ratio, feedstock flow rate, and outlet temperature on the yield of ethylene and propylene. The experimental results show that compared with the original operating conditions, the proposed optimization scheme has good feasibility.

Key words: optimization, ethylene cracking furnace, genetic algorithm, process system

中图分类号:

TP 29

耿志强, 毕帅, 王尊, 朱群雄, 韩永明. 基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的乙烯裂解炉操作优化[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(3): 1088-1094.

Zhiqiang GENG, Shuai BI, Zun WANG, Qunxiong ZHU, Yongming HAN. Operation optimization of ethylene cracking furnace based on improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(3): 1088-1094.

图/表 13

图1 算法流程

Fig.1 Algorithm steps

图2 ZDT1比较

Fig.2 ZDT1 comparison

图3 ZDT2比较

Fig.3 ZDT2 comparison

图4 ZDT3比较

Fig.4 ZDT3 comparison

图5 裂解炉结构

Fig.5 Cracking furnace structure

图6 反应管结构

Fig.6 Reaction tube structure

表1 炉管与辐射室结构

Table 1 Furnace tube and radiation chamber structure

炉管

阵列

炉膛

高度/m

炉膛

深度/m

炉膛

宽度/m

底部

烧嘴/个

侧壁

烧嘴/个

表2 初始运行条件

Table 2 Initial operating conditions

原料流量/

(kg/h)

表3 油特性

Table 3 Oil characteristics

相对密度/(g/cm³)

平均分子量/

(g/mol)

图7 Patero解决方案分布

Fig.7 Patero solution distribution

图8 固定周期下出口温度趋势

Fig.8 Trend of outlet temperature under fixed period

图9 乙烯收率优化前后对比

Fig.9 Comparison of ethylene yield before and after optimization

表4 优化结果

Table 4 Optimization results

项目	乙烯收率/%	丙烯收率/%	原料流量/(kg/h)	蒸汽流量/(kg/h)
优化前	27.54	13.14	890.63	534.38
优化后	28.02	13.12	832.46	469.59
变化率	+1.74%	-0.15%	-6.53%	-12.12%

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