离子液体汽化焓的测量方法

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191240

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

离子液体具有蒸气压低、不易挥发、导电能力强、化学性质稳定、可循环利用等特点，具有以下作用：能够替代有机溶剂作为绿色环保的新型溶剂；可以作为催化剂催化化学反应；可以作为电解质溶液参与电化学反应，制作新型电池；可以作为吸附气体的吸附剂等。过去人们认为离子液体不挥发，也不能测量它们的汽化焓，回顾了近年来离子液体的相关研究成果，发现陆续有研究者提出测量离子液体汽化焓的方法，鉴于目前缺少相关总结工作，将系统性地介绍这些方法并阐述其原理，为今后的离子液体研究提供指导。

关键词: 测量, 汽化, 离子液体, 焓, 热力学

Abstract:

Due to their characteristics, such as low vapor pressure, low volatilization, strong electrical conductivity, stable chemical properties, recyclability and so on, ionic liquids (ILs) can replace organic solvents as a new environmentally friendly solvent, can be used as a catalyst to catalyze chemical reactions, can participate in electrochemical reactions as electrolyte solutions, can make new batteries and so on. It is generally believed that ILs are not volatile and their vaporization enthalpies cannot be measured. However, in recent years, the related research results of ILs have been reviewed, and it has been found that researchers have successively proposed many methods for obtaining vaporization enthalpies of ILs. We will systematically introduce these methods, expounding their principles, and laying a solid foundation for future research.

Key words: measurement, vaporization, ionic liquids, enthalpy, thermodynamics

中图分类号:

O 64

宋思婕,姚加,李浩然. 离子液体汽化焓的测量方法[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(1): 26-33.

Sijie SONG,Jia YAO,Haoran LI. Methods for measuring vaporization enthalpies of ionic liquids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(1): 26-33.

图/表 1

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ILs	T/K	?_vapH_T^①/(kJ·mol^-1)	?_vapH₂₉₈^②/( kJ·mol^-1)	方法	Ref.
[C₂min][Tf₂N]	463.0	118.8±1.3	135.3±1.3	Knudsen	[40]
	577.8	110.4±2.4	136±6	VVDM	[43]
	430.0	118±2	134±2	MS	[44]
	495.5	120.6±2.1		TGA	[48]
	573.0	111.7±1.7		UV	[53]
	378.2	118.6±1.0	126.6±1.0	QCM	[54]
				DSC	[65]
			136.1	surface tension	[40]
[C₄mim][Tf₂N]	477.6	118.3±1.7	136.2±1.7	Knudsen	[40]
	577.0	128.4±3.0	155±6	VVDM	[43]
	440.0	117±3	134±3	MS	[44]
	495.5	118.5±0.4		TGA	[48]
	553.0	114.1±1.6		UV	[53]
				QCM	[54]
				DSC	[65]
			134.6	surface tension	[40]

ILs	T/K	?_vapH_T^①/(kJ·mol^-1)	?_vapH₂₉₈^②/( kJ·mol^-1)	方法	Ref.
[C₂min][Tf₂N]	463.0	118.8±1.3	135.3±1.3	Knudsen	[40]
	577.8	110.4±2.4	136±6	VVDM	[43]
	430.0	118±2	134±2	MS	[44]
	495.5	120.6±2.1		TGA	[48]
	573.0	111.7±1.7		UV	[53]
	378.2	118.6±1.0	126.6±1.0	QCM	[54]
				DSC	[65]
			136.1	surface tension	[40]
[C₄mim][Tf₂N]	477.6	118.3±1.7	136.2±1.7	Knudsen	[40]
	577.0	128.4±3.0	155±6	VVDM	[43]
	440.0	117±3	134±3	MS	[44]
	495.5	118.5±0.4		TGA	[48]
	553.0	114.1±1.6		UV	[53]
				QCM	[54]
				DSC	[65]
			134.6	surface tension	[40]

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