气相进料对隔板精馏塔优化设计的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220121

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

隔板精馏塔（DWC）在节能和节省设备投资方面具有十分突出的优势，隔板精馏塔中隔板位置是重要的设计变量，影响分离效果及能耗，当进料中含有气相时这种影响更加显著。选用苯、甲苯和对二甲苯三元物系，研究了进料的气相分率对隔板位置的影响并确定最优隔板位置。采用严格模拟方法，以年度总费用（TAC）为评价指标，比较不同进料气相分率下隔板塔的经济性，其中气相进料较液相进料TAC最高可节省23.33%。并通过灵敏度分析展示了在进料中含有气相时确定最优隔板位置的重要性。

关键词: 精馏, 隔板塔, 气相进料, 隔板位置, 优化

Abstract:

Dividing wall column (DWC) has outstanding advantages in terms of energy saving and investment cost for distillation separation. The positioning of the dividing wall effectively affects the separation efficiency and energy consumption, especially when the feed contains vapor phase. In the present paper, ternary mixture of benzene, toluene, and p-xylene is selected as the separation system to study the effect of the feed vapor fraction on the optimal positioning of the dividing wall in a DWC and proposes a method for determining the optimal position. By using rigorous simulation and the total annual cost (TAC) as the objective function, the economic performance of the DWC is investigated under different vapor fractions of the feed, and feed with vapor can save up to 23.33% of TAC compared to feed with liquid. The results demonstrate the importance of optimal dividing wall positioning when the feed contains vapor phase by sensitivity analysis.

Key words: distillation, dividing wall column, vapor feed, dividing wall position, optimization

中图分类号:

TQ 028.3

刘会影, 贾胜坤, 罗祎青, 袁希钢. 气相进料对隔板精馏塔优化设计的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(7): 3090-3098.

Huiying LIU, Shengkun JIA, Yiqing LUO, Xigang YUAN. Influence of vapor feed on optimal design of dividing wall column[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(7): 3090-3098.

图/表 10

图1 隔板位置布置图

Fig.1 Layout of the dividing wall position

图2 隔板塔设计示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the DWC model

图3 隔板塔设计框图

Fig.3 Design framework of a DWC

表1 进料状况和产品要求

Table 1 Feed condition and product request

变量	变量值
进料组成/%(mol)	A:0.3;B:0.3;C:0.4
进料压力/kPa	101.325
进料气相分率γ_f	0/1
产品纯度要求/%(mol)	A:0.98; B:0.98; C:0.98

表2 不同进料条件下的设计变量和相关费用

Table 2 Design variables and related costs with different feed conditions

变量	工况a	工况b	工况c
进料气相分率γ_f	0	1	1
结构变量
塔径D/m	3.079	3.079	3.491
隔板位置参数β	0.6376	0.6376	0.8221
各塔段塔板数
Ⅰ	5	5	8
Ⅱ	11	11	13
Ⅲ	10	10	11
Ⅳ	10	10	8
Ⅴ	11	11	10
Ⅵ	11	11	10
操作变量
进料流量F/(kmol/h)	500	257	500
塔顶压力P/kPa	32.95	32.95	52.85
回流比RR	2.679	6.25	4.942
侧采分率S_f/%(mol)	0.5806	0.3148	0.5602
再沸比BR	2.145	1.959	1.267
液相分割比R_L/%(mol)	0.3285	0.4651	0.622
气相分割比R_V/%(mol)	0.5911	0.1281	0.4519
费用
设备费用/10⁴ USD	142.7	133.9	153.2
操作费用/10⁴ USD	109.3	54.79	69.18
TAC/10⁴ USD	156.9	99.43	120.3
(TAC/F)/(10⁴ USD/kmol)	0.3138	0.3869	0.2405

图4 隔板精馏塔塔板压降分布

Fig.4 Tray pressure drop distribution of DWC

图5 不同进料气相分率下费用变化

Fig.5 Costs with different feed vapor fraction

图6 不同进料气相流率下隔板塔隔板位置参数变化

Fig.6 β value under different feed vapor flow rate

图7 TAC值随隔板位置变化

Fig.7 TAC varied with position of the partition

图8 气相/液相分割比随隔板位置变化

Fig.8 Vapor/liquid split ratio varied with position of the partition

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