基于离子液体的“可设计性”和“软酸”性质萃取分离电镀污泥中Cr6+/Fe3+

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170288

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于离子液体的"可设计性"和"软酸"性质对于其在电镀污泥酸浸液中铬铁萃取分离方面的应用及其机理进行研究。结果表明：咪唑环上烷基链的长度对于铬铁萃取分离效果有较大的影响，阴离子为[BF₄]^-的离子液体对于铬铁萃取分离能力大于阴离子为[PF₆]^-的离子液体。在所研究的离子液体中，[Omim] [BF₄]对于铬铁具有较好的萃取分离效果，实现了电镀污泥中铬铁分离。结合斜率法、红外光谱分析、Raman光谱分析，[Omim] [BF₄]萃取铬符合离子缔合机理，可推测[Omim] [BF₄]咪唑阳离子与Cr₂O₇^2-阴离子形成离子缔合物而进入有机相，达到萃取分离，从而实现电镀污泥资源化目的，具有一定的应用性。

关键词: 离子液体, 萃取分离, 可设计性, 软硬酸碱理论

Abstract:

The application and mechanism of ionic liquids in extraction separation of hexavalent chromium and ferric iron from acid dipping electroplating sludge was studied on the basis of designability and soft acidity of the ionic liquids. The experimental results showed that alkyl chain length on iminazole ring had remarkable effect on efficacy of extraction separation and ionic liquid with[BF₄]^- anion had higher extraction separation efficiency than that with[PF₆]^- anion. Among the ionic liquids in the study,[Omim] [BF₄] exhibited best extraction separation efficiency of Cr⁶⁺/Fe³⁺ in electroplating sludge. Slope analysis, FTIR and Roman spectra suggested ionic association mechanism in this extraction separation, which imidazolium cation formed association complex with dichromate anion and entered into organic phase by extraction. Consequently the technique could be applicable for transforming electroplating sludge waste into resources.

Key words: ionic liquids, extraction and separation, designability, HSAB

中图分类号:

O652.62

魏君怡, 李勇, 薛向欣. 基于离子液体的“可设计性”和“软酸”性质萃取分离电镀污泥中Cr⁶⁺/Fe³⁺[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(9): 3451-3458.

WEI Junyi, LI Yong, XUE Xiangxin. Cr⁶⁺/Fe³⁺ extraction separation from electroplating sludge based on designability and soft acidity of ionic liquids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(9): 3451-3458.

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基于离子液体的“可设计性”和“软酸”性质萃取分离电镀污泥中Cr⁶⁺/Fe³⁺

Cr⁶⁺/Fe³⁺ extraction separation from electroplating sludge based on designability and soft acidity of ionic liquids

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